Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels. A Reefer, Reefer ships (or Refrigerated) ship is specifically designed and used for shipping perishable commodities which require temperature-controlled, mostly fruits, meat, fish, vegetables, dairy products and other foodstuffs. liquid and general cargo – at the same time. Multi-purpose vessels, as the name suggests, carry different classes of cargo – e.g. Dry bulk carriers carry coal, grain, ore and other similar products in loose form. Tankers carry petroleum products or other liquid cargo. Container ship capacity is measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). They are a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing non-bulk cargo. Container ships (sometimes spelled containerships) are cargo ships that carry all of their load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. General cargo vessels carry packaged items like chemicals, foods, furniture, machinery, motor- and military vehicles, footwear, garments, etc. Smaller vessels, such as coasters, are often owned by their operators.Ĭargo ships/freighters can be divided into seven groups, according to the type of cargo they carry. Larger cargo ships are generally operated by shipping lines: companies that specialize in the handling of cargo in general. 
Tramp-tanker business: generally this is private business arranged between the shipper and receiver and facilitated by the vessel owners or operators, who offer their vessels for hire to carry bulk (dry or liquid) or break bulk (cargoes with individually handled pieces) to any suitable port(s) in the world, according to a specifically drawn contract, called a charter party.A common carrier refers to a regulated service where any member of the public may book cargo for shipment, according to long-established and internationally agreed rules. Liner business: typically (but not exclusively) container vessels (wherein "general cargo" is carried in 20- or 40-foot containers), operating as "common carriers", calling at a regularly published schedule of ports.Generally, the modern ocean shipping business is divided into two classes: Technically, "cargo" refers to the goods carried aboard the ship for hire, while "freight" refers to the act of carrying of such cargo, but the terms have been used interchangeably for centuries. The words cargo and freight have become interchangeable in casual usage. For other uses, see Freightliner (disambiguation).
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